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Introduction 1
The Structure of this Book 3
Chapter 1 History and Objectives of Water Pollution Continuous Monitoring 7
1.History of Water Pollution Control and Pollution Monitoring in Japan 7
2.Objectives of Water Pollution Monitoring 9
Chapter 2 Plan of Water Pollution Monitoring 11
1.Plan of Water Pollution Continuous Monitoring 11
1.1 0utline of Water Pollution Continuous Monitoring 11
1.2 Planning of Water Pollution Monitoring 12
1.3 Precautions for Water Pollution Monitoring 25
2.Plan of Water Pollution Monitoring Stations 27
2.1 0utline of Water Pollution Monitoring Stations 27
2.2 Precaution for the Establishment of Water Pollution Monitoring Stations 28
2.3 Items to be Measured and Measurement Precautions 33
3.Plan of Water Pollution Continuous Monitoring for Stationary Sources 35
3.1 0utline of Water Pollution Continuous Monitoring for Stationary Sources 35
3.2 Items to be Measured and Measurement Precautions 39
Chapter 3 Overview of Water Pollution Monitoring Conducted by Local Governments
in Japan 41
1.Purpose and Outline of Water Pollution Continuous Monitoring 41
1.1 Public Water Areas(Rivers,Coastal Waters) 41
1.2 Public Water Areas(Lakes and Reservoirs) 52
1.3 Underground water 57
2.Prepose and Overview of Water Pollution Monitoring Stations 62
3.Prepose and Overview of Water Pollution Continuous Monitoring on Stationary
Source 71
Chapter 4 Principles of Analyzers for Water Pollution Continuous Monitoring 75
1.Analyzers for Water Pollution Continuous Monitoring 75
1.1 Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer 75
1.2 Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrophotometer 77
1.3 X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer 79
1.4 Inductively Coupled Plasma(ICP)Emission Spectrophotometer 80
1.5 Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer 81
1.6 Gas Chromatograph 83
1.7 High Performance Liquid Chromatograph 85
1.8 Total Nitrogen Analyzer 87
1.9 Total Organic Carbon(TOC)Analyzer 89
1.10 Oil Content Meter 92
2.Automatic Analyzers for Water Pollution Monitoring Station 94
2.1 pH Meter 94
2.2 Oxidation Reduction Potential(ORP)Meter 96
2.3 Electrolytic Conductivity(EC)Meter 97
2.4 Dissolved Oxygen(DO)Meter 99
2.5 Turbidity(TB)Meter 101
2.6 Chlorophyll-a Analyzer 103
2.7 Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD)Analyazer 104
2.8 Chloride Ion Analyzer 107
2.9 A­Ðonium Ion Analyzer 109
2.10 Cyanide Analyzer 110
2.11 Total Phosphorus Analyzer 111
2.12 Total Nitrogen Analyzer 113
3.Automatic Analyzer for Water Pollution Continuous Monitoring on Stationary
Source 116
3.1 pH Meter 116
3.2 Turbidity(TB)Meter 116
3.3 Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD)Analyzer 116
3.4 Total Organic Carbon(TOC)Analyzer 117
3.5 Ultraviolet(UV)Absorption Meter 118
3.6 Oil Content Meter 122
3.7 Ammonium Ion Analyzer 124
3.8 Cyanide Analyzer 124
3.9 Total Phosphorus Analyzer 124
3.10 Total Nitrogen Analyzer 124r
3.11 Flow Meter 125
Chapter 5 Examples of Automatic Analyzers for Water Pollution Continuous
Monitoring 127
1.Examples of Analyzers for Water Pollution Continuous Monitoring 127
2.Examples of Automatic Analyzers for Water Pollution Monitoring Station 128
3.Examples of Automatic Analyzers for Water Pollution Continuous Monitoring
on Stationary Source 129
Chapter 6 Simplified Measurement 183
1.Overview of Simplified Measurement 183
2.Water Quality Test Kit 184
3.Water Quality Evaluation Method Using Biological Indexes 187
Chapter 7 Maintenance of Analyzers for Water Pollution Continuous Monitoring
193
1.Analyzers for Water Pollution Continuous Monitoring 193
1.1 Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer 193
1.2 Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrophtometer 195
1.3 X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer 196
1.4 Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrophotometer 197
1.5 Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer 199
1.6 Gas Chromatograph 200
1.7 High Performance Liquid Chromatograph 201
1.8 Total Nitrogen Analyzer 203
1.9 Total Organic Carbon(TOC)Analyzer 204
1.10 Oil Content Meter 206
2.Automatic Analyzers for Water Pollution Monitoring Station 207
2.1 General Matters 207
2.2 pH Meter 217
2.3 Electrolytic Conductivity(EC)Meter 220
2.4 Dissolved Oxygen(DO)Meter 221
2.5 Turbidity(TB)Meter 222
2.6 Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD)Analyzer 223
2.7 Ammonium Ion Analyzer 225
2.8 Cyanide Analyzer 227
2.9 Total Phosphorus Analyzer 228
2.10 Total Nitrogen Analyzer 228
2.11 Water Temperature Meter 228
3.Automatic Analyzers for Water Pollution Continuous Monitoring
on Stationary Source 229
3.1 General Matters 229
3.2 pH Meter 230
3.3 Turbidity(TB)Meter 231
3.4 Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD)Analyzer 232
3.5 Total Organic Carbon(TOC)Analyzer 234
3.6 Ultraviolet(UV)Absorption Meter 235
3.7 Oil Content Meter 235
3.8 Ammonium Ion Analyzer 237
3.9 Cyanide Analyzer 238
3.10 Total Phosphorus Analyzer 239
3.11 Total Nitrogen Analyzer 240
3.12 Flow Meter 241
Chapter 8 Verification and Utilization of Monitored Data 243
1.Verification and Evaluation of Data 243
1.1 Water Pollution Continuous Monitoring 243
1.2 Water Pollution Monitoring Station 244
1.3 Water Pollution Continuous Monitoring on Stationary Source 248
2.Management of Monitored Data 251
2.1 Water Pollution Continuous Monitoring 251
2.2 Water Pollution Monitoring Station and
Water Pollution Continuous Monitoring on Stationary Source 252
2.3 Utilization of Monitored Data 253

1.List of Information Source Organizations/Companies in relation to
Monitoring Instruments 257
2.Environmental Quality Standards for Water Pollution in Japan 260
3.Water Quality Standards for Drinking Water in Japan 267